Mecca: The marble of the circumambulation area, known as the Mataf, in the Grand Mosque stays cool throughout the day, despite the intense sunlight, due to a sophisticated integration of natural materials and thermal engineering.
According to Saudi Press Agency, the surface is made of high-quality, light-colored natural marble with a low heat absorption coefficient, allowing it to reflect solar radiation rather than absorb it. This effect is further enhanced by a structural design that employs thick slabs installed over specialized insulating layers and air-permeable spaces to expedite heat dissipation.
The combination of the vast open-air layout and the continuous airflow generated by the movement of worshippers ensures a moderate surface temperature. These engineering solutions provide a safe and comfortable environment for pilgrims during peak hours.